{"id":3485,"date":"2019-04-29T15:57:17","date_gmt":"2019-04-29T15:57:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/?p=3485"},"modified":"2019-04-29T15:57:17","modified_gmt":"2019-04-29T15:57:17","slug":"april-29-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/april-29-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"April 29 | 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Global, national, and urban burdens of paediatric asthma incidence attributable to ambient NO2<\/sub>pollution: estimates from global datasets.<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pattanun Achakulwisut PhD, Prof Michael Brauer ScD, Perry Hystad PhD, Susan C Anenberg PhD.<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Lancet Planetary Health Volume 3, Issue 4,\u00a0April 2019, Pages e166-e178 \u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2542-5196(19)30046-4<\/a><\/p>\n

Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n

Background<\/strong><\/p>\n

Paediatric asthma incidence is associated with exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), but the TRAP-attributable burden remains poorly quantified.\u00a0Nitrogen dioxide<\/a>\u00a0(NO2<\/sub>) is a major component and common proxy of TRAP. In this study, we estimated the annual global number of new paediatric asthma cases attributable to NO2<\/sub>\u00a0exposure at a resolution sufficient to resolve intra-urban exposure gradients.<\/p>\n

Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n

We obtained 2015 country-specific and age-group-specific asthma incidence rates from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation for 194 countries and 2015 population counts at a spatial resolution of 250\u2008\u00d7\u2008250 m from the Global Human Settlement population grid. We used 2010\u201312 annual average surface NO2<\/sub>concentrations derived from land-use regression at a resolution of 100\u2008\u00d7\u2008100 m, and we derived\u00a0concentration-response<\/a>\u00a0functions from relative risk estimates reported in a multinational meta-analysis. We then estimated the NO2<\/sub>-attributable burden of asthma incidence in children aged 1\u201318 years in 194 countries and 125 major cities at a resolution of 250\u2008\u00d7\u2008250 m.<\/p>\n

Findings<\/strong><\/p>\n

Globally, we estimated that 4\u00b70 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1\u00b78\u20135\u00b72) new paediatric asthma cases could be attributable to NO2<\/sub>\u00a0pollution annually; 64% of these occur in urban centres. This burden accounts for 13% (6\u201316) of global incidence. Regionally, the greatest burdens of new asthma cases associated with NO2<\/sub>exposure per 100\u2008000 children were estimated for Andean Latin America (340 cases per year, 95% UI 150\u2013440), high-income North America (310, 140\u2013400), and high-income Asia Pacific (300, 140\u2013370). Within cities, the greatest burdens of new asthma cases associated with NO2<\/sub>\u00a0exposure per 100\u2008000 children were estimated for Lima, Peru (690 cases per year, 95% UI 330\u2013870); Shanghai, China (650, 340\u2013770); and Bogota, Colombia (580, 270\u2013730). Among 125 major cities, the percentage of new asthma cases attributable to NO2<\/sub>\u00a0pollution ranged from 5\u00b76% (95% UI 2\u00b74\u20137\u00b74) in Orlu, Nigeria, to 48% (25\u201357) in Shanghai, China. This contribution exceeded 20% of new asthma cases in 92 cities. We estimated that about 92% of paediatric asthma incidence attributable to NO2<\/sub>\u00a0exposure occurred in areas with annual average NO2<\/sub>\u00a0concentrations lower than the WHO guideline of 21 parts per billion.<\/p>\n

Interpretation<\/strong><\/p>\n

Efforts to reduce NO2<\/sub>\u00a0exposure could help prevent a substantial portion of new paediatric asthma cases in both developed and developing countries, and especially in urban areas. Traffic emissions should be a target for exposure-mitigation strategies. The adequacy of the WHO guideline for ambient NO2<\/sub>\u00a0concentrations might need to be revisited.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Global, national, and urban burdens of paediatric asthma incidence attributable to ambient NO2pollution: estimates from global datasets. Pattanun Achakulwisut PhD, Prof Michael Brauer ScD, Perry Hystad PhD, Susan C Anenberg PhD.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-article-de-la-semaine"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t