{"id":1810,"date":"2017-09-18T12:58:14","date_gmt":"2017-09-18T12:58:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/canue.ca\/?p=1810"},"modified":"2017-09-18T12:58:14","modified_gmt":"2017-09-18T12:58:14","slug":"september-18-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/september-18-2017\/","title":{"rendered":"September 18 | 2017"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Estimated Changes in Life Expectancy and Adult Mortality Resulting from Declining PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> Exposures in the Contiguous United States: 1980\u20132010<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Neal Fann, Sun-Young Kim, Casey Olives, and Lianne Sheppard.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/ehp.niehs.nih.gov\/ehp507\/<\/p>\n<p>Environ Health Perspect. 2017; Vol 125, Issue 9.<em>\u00a0 <\/em>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP507<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>ABSTRACT<\/p>\n<p>Background: PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> precursor emissions have declined over the course of several decades, following the implementation of local, state, and federal air quality policies. Estimating the corresponding change in population exposure and PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>-attributable risk of death prior to the year 2000 is made difficult by the lack of PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> monitoring data.<\/p>\n<p>Objectives: We used a new technique to estimate historical PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> concentrations, and estimated the effects of changes in PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> population exposures on mortality in adults (age \u226530 y), and on life expectancy at birth, in the contiguous United States during 1980\u20132010.<\/p>\n<p>Methods: We estimated annual mean county-level PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> concentrations in 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010 using universal kriging incorporating geographic variables. County-level death rates and national life tables for each year were obtained from the U.S. Census and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We used log-linear and nonlinear concentration\u2013response coefficients from previous studies to estimate changes in the numbers of deaths and in life years and life expectancy at birth, attributable to changes in PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>.<\/p>\n<p>Results: Between 1980 and 2010, population-weighted PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> exposures fell by about half, and the estimated number of excess deaths declined by about a third. The States of California, Virginia, New Jersey, and Georgia had some of the largest estimated reductions in PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>-attributable deaths. Relative to a counterfactual population with exposures held constant at 1980 levels, we estimated that people born in 2050 would experience an \u223c1-y increase in life expectancy at birth, and that there would be a cumulative gain of 4.4 million life years among adults \u226530 y of age.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusions: Our estimates suggest that declines in PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> exposures between 1980 and 2010 have benefitted public health.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estimated Changes in Life Expectancy and Adult Mortality Resulting from Declining PM2.5 Exposures in the Contiguous United States: 1980\u20132010 Neal Fann, Sun-Young Kim, Casey Olives, and Lianne Sheppard. https:\/\/ehp.niehs.nih.gov\/ehp507\/ Environ Health Perspect. 2017; Vol 125, Issue 9.\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP507 ABSTRACT Background: PM2.5 precursor emissions have declined over the course of several decades, following the implementation of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-article-de-la-semaine"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1810\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canue.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}